Module: Thyroid Gland

The purpose of this document is to ensure all thyroid gland specimens are described and dissected properly so that a diagnosis can be issued. Please refer to local standard operating procedures (SOP) for complete details.

(NOTE: You can view 3D models in larger format by clicking on the "fullscreen" icon at the bottom right.)

Specimen Handling Objectives

The learner is expected to apply some elements of the content learned in part 1 in the grossing of the simulation specimens. 

Note: If the learner is unsure of the next steps during the simulation workshop, they should ask questions and/or seek help.

After reviewing the relevant readings, images, and SOPs and finishing the Introduction to Grossing Workshop, the learner will:

• Confirm patient identification, specimen type, and alpha designation for the specimen 

• Read the provided clinical history 

• Orientate a thyroid, identifying the left lobe, isthmus, pyramidal lobe and right lobe. 

• Select and wear the appropriate PPE for the grossing of the simulation specimens.  

• Set up an organized grossing bench for the grossing of simulation specimens.  

• Follow and apply patient, specimen and tissue cassette identification procedures. 

• Describe the steps for grossing a thyroid AP04-9.01 Thyroid (labqms.com)

• Gross a simulated thyroid using the thyroid SOP

• Select the correct processing time for a thyroid 

• Demonstrate the safe setup, cleaning and discard of sharps (scalpel and feather blades) 

• Clean the grossing bench between specimens and apply steps to limit cross-contamination between specimens.  

• Determine when they are unsure of the next steps and ask questions/seek help. 

Learning Material

• AP04-9.01 Thyroid (labqms.com)

• AP05-1.02 Peloris AttachA Tissue Size Chart 

• AP04-1.01 Dissection Guidelines AP04-1.01 Dissection Guidelines (labqms.com) 

Indications for Surgery

Thyroidectomy is usually performed to remove nodules, either benign or malignant, benign follicular nodular disease (multinodular goitre), or for treatment of Grave's disease. Thyroidectomies can include the complete gland (total thyroidectomy) or only lateral lobes (hemithyroidectomy/lobectomy and isthmusectomy).  Prior to surgery, nodules are typically evaluated by fine needle aspiration (FNA) for cytologic evaluation.